LLM application engineering: RAG, context limits, state and prompt injection

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Quick conceptual questions for an applied AI engineer, each answered in a couple of minutes from real experience:

  1. When would you use retrieval-augmented generation and when fine-tuning?
  2. What do you do when the input does not fit in the context window?
  3. How do you keep state across a long conversation or a multi-step task?
  4. How do you defend an LLM application against prompt injection?
MercorTechnical phone screenLast asked Sep 2026
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